Brezofil (Doxophylline)

Indications (নির্দেশনা) Brezofil is used to treat the following conditions:

• Bronchial asthma
• Bronchospasm
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ($COPD$)
• Pulmonary disease with spastic bronchial component.

Pharmacology (ঔষধবিজ্ঞান) Doxophylline is a novel bronchodilator that relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by selectively inhibiting phosphodiesterase 4.

Unlike Theophylline, Doxophylline has decreased affinity for adenosine A1 and A2 receptors, contributing to its better safety profile. It also inhibits platelet activating factor (PAF ) and leukotriene production.

Dosage & Administration (ডোজ ও ব্যবহারবিধি)  
| Population | Dose | Frequency  
| | :--- | :--- | :--- |  
| Adults | 400 mg tablet | Two or three times daily |  
| Elderly | 200 mg tablet | Two or three times daily |  
| Children $\ge$$12$years | 10 ml syrup or 200 mg tablet | Two or three times daily |  
| Children 6–12 years | 6−9  mg/kg body weight | Two times daily |  
| SR Tablet | 400 mg Doxophylline SR | Once daily (if daily dose is 400 mg) |

Contraindications & Warnings (প্রতিনির্দেশ ও সতর্কতা)

• Contraindicated in: Hypersensitivity to xanthine derivatives, acute myocardial infarction, hypotension, and during lactation.
• Side Effects: Common effects include nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, headache, irritability, insomnia, and tachycardia . Overdose may cause severe cardiac arrhythmias and tonic-clonic seizure.
• Precautions: Use with caution in patients with cardiac disease, hypertension, severe hypoxemia, hyperthyroidism, chronic COPD , liver disease, and peptic ulcer. Dose reduction may be necessary in the elderly or those with impaired hepatic/cardiac function.
• Interactions: Do not use with other xanthine preparations. Limit caffeine consumption. Concurrent use of certain drugs (e.g., erythromycin, cimetidine, propanolol) may reduce hepatic clearance, potentially requiring a dosage reduction.
• Pregnancy: Use should be evaluated carefully based on the risk-benefit ratio, as there is insufficient clinical evidence.

Therapeutic Class: Bronchodilator, Methyl xanthine derivatives.