Indications

Etizin (Cetirizine Hydrochloride) is a potent antihistamine used to relieve symptoms associated with:

• Seasonal and Perennial Allergic Rhinitis: Treats symptoms like sneezing and runny nose.
• Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria: Treats uncomplicated skin manifestations of hives.
• Allergen-induced asthma.

Pharmacology

Cetirizine is a potent H1 receptor antagonist. It works by inhibiting the early phase of an allergic reaction mediated by histamine and also reduces the migration of inflammatory cells associated with the later phase. It has minimal anticholinergic or antiserotonic effects and, at therapeutic doses, causes little to no drowsiness.

Dosage & Administration

• Oral (Tablet/Syrup):
  • Adults & Children ≥ 6 years: 10 mg (1 tablet or 2 teaspoonfuls) daily.
  • Children 2-6 years: 5 mg (1 teaspoonful) once daily or 2.5 mg (1/2 teaspoonful) twice daily.
  • Children 6 months to 2 years: 2.5 mg (1/2 teaspoonful) once daily. The dose can be increased to 2.5 mg every 12 hours for children 12-23 months.
• Intravenous (IV Injection): For acute urticaria. Administer over 1 to 2 minutes.
  • Adults & Adolescents ≥ 12 years: 10 mg once every 24 hours.
  • Children 6-11 years: 5 mg or 10 mg once every 24 hours.
  • Children 6 months to 5 years: 2.5 mg once every 24 hours.

Interaction

No clinically significant drug interactions have been reported with Theophylline, Azithromycin, Pseudoephedrine, Ketoconazole, or Erythromycin.

Contraindications

Etizin is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to Cetirizine or hydroxyzine.

Side Effects

The most common side effect is somnolence (drowsiness).

Pregnancy & Lactation

Cetirizine is a US FDA Pregnancy Category B drug. It should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. As it is excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when administering it to a nursing woman.

Precautions & Warnings

Patients should use caution when driving a car or operating heavy machinery.

Use in Special Populations

• Hepatic or Renal Impairment: The drug's clearance is reduced in these patients, and the half-life is increased. Dosage adjustment may be necessary.
• Elderly: Clearance is reduced, proportional to the decrease in creatinine clearance.
• Pediatric Use: Safety has been established in patients aged 6 months to 5 years.

Therapeutic Class

Etizin is classified as a Sedating Anti-histamine.

Storage Conditions

Keep in a dry place, away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.