Prosma Syrup - (1mg/5ml) contains Ketotifen Fumarateas its active ingredient.It is typically available in 100 ml bottles.  

Indications:

Prosma (Ketotifen) is used for the prophylactic (preventative) treatment of:

• Bronchial asthma (all forms, including mixed).
• Allergic bronchitis.  
• Asthmatic symptoms associated with hay fever.  

It is also used for the symptomatic treatment of allergic conditions including:

• Rhinitis (inflammation of the nose).  
• Conjunctivitis (inflammation of the eye).  
• Other allergic conditions like hay fever and urticaria (hives).  
• Alleviating itching, pain, and tenderness associated with neurofibroma.  

Pharmacology:

Ketotifen has anti-allergic properties and acts as a mast cell stabilizer and an antihistamine. It works by:  

• Blocking the release of certain chemical messengers (like histamine and leukotrienes) from mast cells, which are involved in allergic reactions and inflammation.  
• Blocking histamine H1 receptors, reducing the effects of histamine.  
• Preventing and reducing the frequency and severity of asthma attacks.

It's important to note that Ketotifen will notabort established acute asthma attacks.Its prophylactic effect may take several weeks to become fully established.  

Dosage and Administration:

• Adults: 1 mg (5 ml) twice daily with food. In severe cases, the dose may be increased to 2 mg (10 ml) twice daily.
• Children above 3 years: 1 mg (5 ml) twice daily with food.
• Children aged 6 months to 3 years: 0.05 mg (0.25 ml syrup) per kg of body weight twice daily (in the morning and evening).
• Patients known to be easily sedated should start with 0.5 to 1 mg (2.5 ml to 5 ml) at night for the first few days or as directed by the physician.  
• The previous asthma treatment should be continued for a minimum of two weeks after starting Prosma to avoid potential exacerbation of asthma, especially with systemic corticosteroids and ACTH.  

Side Effects:

Common side effects may include:

• Drowsiness  
• Dry mouth  
• Slight dizziness  

These side effects usually disappear spontaneously after a few days, especially at the beginning of treatment.Other less common side effects like weight gain, increased appetite, hyperactivity, irritability, and sleep disturbances can occur.  

Precautions:

• Prosma may potentiate the effects of sedatives, hypnotics, antihistamines, and alcohol. Caution should be exercised when taking these concurrently.
• During the first day of treatment, reactions may be impaired, and patients should be warned not to drive or operate machinery until the effect of Prosma on the individual is known.  
• Patients should avoid alcoholic drinks.
• Use with caution in patients with epilepsy or diabetes.
• Limited information is available on the use of Prosma in patients with kidney or liver disease; consultation with a doctor is advised.  

Pregnancy & Lactation:

Although there is no evidence of any teratogenic effect in animal studies, Prosma is generally not recommended during pregnancy and breastfeeding unless the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus or infant. Consult your doctor if it is necessary to use Prosma during these times.

Drug Interactions:

Prosma may potentiate the effects of:

• Sedatives
• Hypnotics
• Antihistamines
• Alcohol

A reversible fall in platelet count has been observed in a few patients receiving Ketotifen concomitantly with oral antidiabetic agents, and this combination should be avoided.  

Storage:

Store in a cool and dry place, protected from light. Keep out of the reach of children. Store below 30°C.

Therapeutic Class:

Cromoglycate & related drugs (Mast Cell Stabilizers).  

Important Note: This information is for general knowledge and informational purposes only and does not substitute professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist for specific instructions and guidance regarding your medication. They can assess your individual medical condition and provide the most appropriate advice.